The Origin of Species - 1246 Words

In 1859, a time when literal interpretation of the Bible was common practice, a book that could potentially debase society’s understanding of what was fact was published and it summarized a theory that humans have slowly evolved from a primitive form, commonly called the Theory of Evolution.(Kennedy Pg.572) The book titled On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life was written by an English naturalist and geologist, Charles Darwin, and it overcame the scientific rejection that earlier similar theories had faced. Leading up to his publication during the Protestant Reformation Darwin went on a five-year-long voyage on the HMS Beagle as company to Captain Robert†¦show more content†¦(Newman, Letter) Another event that led to Darwin’s controversial writing were the discoveries he made from his documentation on his long voyage on the HMS Beagle where he did all of his research and discoveries written about in his book. One of his first discoveries that linked evolution to living creatures left him with more of an inquiry than an answer or discovery. He noted the geographical distribution of the modern species of a fossil he found while ashore resembling a huge armadillo in hopes of finding their â€Å"centre of creation.† ( ) He extensively edited his research and added his findings until the original book was completed and finally published on Thursday, November 24th, 1859 and all copies being sold were immediately bought up by booksellers. During Darwin’s lifetime he published 6 different editions of the book and the one that really shook society what the final writing published February 19th, 1872, the 6th edition titled the Origin of Species (this is wh en the title was shortened from its original length) in which was the only time he used the word ‘evolution’; though, however, every edition concluded with the word ‘evolved’. The most notable change to this newly published edition of Darwin’s book was a chapter 7 titled Miscellaneous objections that addressed any objections that were sure to come from opposition of his Theory of Evolution. The immediate significance of Darwin’s book were tremendous mostly due to hostile reactions to, what seemed toShow MoreRelatedOn the Origin of Species1846 Words   |  8 PagesIn his On the Origin of Species, written in 1859, Charles Darwin clearly explained the gradual progression toward the speciation of organisms with his five main principles: variation, inheritance, competition, selection, and propagation. Darwin hesitated to publish his findings because he understood that his findings were based on the animal kingdom and on an evolutionary process that had to have spanned millennia. He specifically did not think that his discoveries were applicable to the evolutionRead MoreThe Origin Of The Primate Species1880 Words   |  8 PagesThesis Statement: One of the most fiercely debated issues in paleoanthropology points at the origins the primate species. The top two continents that have been very evident in our origins that can be traced to Africa and (Eur)Asia. African origin stresses the multiregional continuity theory it suggests a single origin for modern humans and gives an explanation to the Out-of-Africa model for the patter of our human evolution. The Multiregional Continuity Model states that after Homo erectus left AfricaRead MoreOn The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin915 Words   |  4 PagesHuman evolution has been of interest to people for quite some time. Even though in the publication of On The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin in 1859 human evolution was not specifically mentioned, only that light will be thrown on the origin of man and his history, Darwin did argue for the evolution of new species from older ones (1). Since then, interest in evolution, and especially human evolution, has been growing. An example of one of the first debates about human evolution is the debateRead MoreThe Origin Of Species By Charles Darwin1689 Words   |  7 Pagesmain book where we get out information about evolution is in Origin of Species’ by Charles Darwin. In his book, Darwin introduced the concept of evolution by natural selection. Natural selection is the process in which the organisms which are better suited for their environment. According to Darwin, there are four major points to natural selection. The first point is overproduction, indicating that more offspring survive, meaning the species would survive longer. Then, there s genetic variation. TheRead MoreOn the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin1148 Words   |  5 PagesOn November 24th, 1859, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life by Charles Darwin (renamed On the Origin of Species 13 years later) was published in London, England. In it, Charles Darwin specified his observations and gave his insight on what he thought caused evolution. He called it natural selection. Before this, nearly everyone believed that a single God created every living organism that none of them had changedRead MoreThe Origin Of Species By Charles Darwin868 Words   |  4 PagesPersonify-attributing human character to something inanimate Polymorphic-different forms or types in organisms of the same species. Potent-something of great power or influence. Vigorous-healthy or strong. Volition-choosing or making a decision. B) 1. The text was written by Charles Darwin, who is renowned for his theory of evolution. Besides his book The Origin of Species, he also wrote Voyage of the Beagle and The Descent of Man to name a few. Credence should be given to Charles Darwin for hisRead MoreThe Origins Of Species By Charles Darwin983 Words   |  4 PagesAfter Charles Darwin published the Origins of Species, society began to turn away from religion and towards science to justify slavery and segregation by seeking out physiological and psychological differences between Blacks and Whites (Parks Heard, 2009). Physiologically, some Whites argued that black people were the missing link between apes and humans. Psychologically, others like Frances Galton proposed his theory of eminence, or the notion that certain abilities, many of them psychologicalRead MoreThe Origin Of Species By Charles Darwin898 Words   |  4 Pagesfamous works, and one of his most controversial works as well, was his book titled On the Origin o f Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. Darwin wrote the Origin of Species after an almost five-year voyage aboard the H.M.S. Beagle. While aboard the beagle, Darwin was presented with many facts that appeared to â€Å"shed some light on the origin of species†. Darwin has contributed in many ways to the world of science, specifically the historyRead MoreThe Origin Of Diversity Within Species1361 Words   |  6 Pagesevolution of different species can be known through comparing how closely their genes and body structures were. The more similar those characteristics are, the more closely related those species is. However there is a wide range of diversity between every single species and between every single individual. Diversification allows organisms to occupy different niches in the ecosystem. In this essay, the origin of diversity within species, the origin of diversity between the species, the significance of Read MoreEssay on The Origins Of Our Species1945 Words   |  8 Pagesfits into the ideas of human origin formulated by Frederick Engels more than 100 years ago. quot;There is a grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved.quot; (Charles Darwin, The Origin of the Species, pp. 459-60, Penguin 1985.)

Child Rearing Problems Around Both Detachment And...

child-rearing problems around both detachment and attachment. Children of Holocaust survivors may be assumed to have taken the emotional states and behaviors of their parents. As such, children who are born to traumatized Holocaust survivors would be â€Å"predisposed to PTSD (Kellermann, 264). Other evidence regarding intergenerational transmission of trauma suggests that survivors have been affected to different degrees by trauma and share a psychological syndrome referred to as Concentration Camp Syndrome (Last, 72). Last describes CSS â€Å"as a relatively fixed, lifelong condition characterized by various combinations of a wide range of symptoms that are usually regarded as psychopathological and can be traced to Holocaust experiences. These include lasting depression; anxiety, emotional ability, irritability, and restlessness; nightmares; a sense depletion, of despair and alienation; obsessional ruminations; guilt feelings; failing memory and difficulties in concentration; fa tigue; a a variety of psychosomatic complaints† (Last, 75). While some therapists believe that the concept of second generation is in fact a fallacy, others conclude that it is rather impossible to grow up in a family with Holocaust survivors and not absorb some of the trauma of parents and other family members. PTSD or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder has been used to characterize the trauma of Holocaust and Armenian Genocide survivors. The term is defined â€Å" by autonomic hyperarousal, intrusive recurrence,Show MoreRelatedAttachment Theory and the Kibbutz Society5271 Words   |  21 PagesLiterature review 5 2.1- Attachment Theory 5 2.2- Growing in Kibbutz 8 2.3- Intervention programs 9 2.4- Physical issues 9 2.5- Mothers sensitivity to infant cues 10 2.6- Externalizing and its impact on children 10 Research design 11 Method 11 Findings 11 Emotional unavailability 11 Complication in mother-infant relationship 12 Limitations 12 PART 3 13 3- Historical background 13 PART 4 15 4- Relevance of researched subject 15 4.1- The understanding of child perspective 15 4.2- RelevanceRead MoreThis is an chapter by chapter summary of the book Becoming Attached, did it for extra credit11157 Words   |  45 Pagesneed to have our mother near is the theory that is expressed in chapter one. Chapter one goes through a time line of how we, as humans, came across this theory. The author tends to talk about and describe how as babies the basic need to have mother around is just as important as having food, water, and clean diapers. The author gives examples of children who were adopted after infancy and children whom had to spend significant amounts of time away from their mothers during their infant years had sufferedRead MoreAn Evalution of the Attachment Theory Essay13038 Words   |  53 PagesTHE ATTACHMENT THEORY AN EVALUTION OF THE ATTACHMENT THEORY WHEN WORKING WITH CHILDREN IN CARE Gail Walters Dissertation Social Work BA (HONS) Manchester Metropolitan University Tutor: Pauline Black CONTENTS Pages Abstract Read MoreThe Effects of Working Overseas of Filipino Parents on the Academic Performance of Their Children2774 Words   |  12 PagesTHEIR CHILDREN by Pascual, Kristelle D. March 21, 2012 Introduction As experienced by many Filipino children like me nowadays, separation from one of our parents results to a very great impact in our lives. Unlike any other children with both parents present at home, raising us up needs more effort and careful attention since that there is only one attending parent. The temporary single parent at home must have the ability to handle things very well—from raising children up to the accomplishingRead MoreEriksons Psychosocial Development Theory10839 Words   |  44 PagesEriksons model of psychosocial development is a very significant, highly regarded and meaningful concept. Life is a serious of lessons and challenges which help us to grow. Eriksons wonderful theory helps to tell us why. The theory is helpful for child development, and adults too. For the lite version, heres a quick diagram and summary. Extra details follow the initial overview. For more information than appears on this page, read Eriksons books; he was an award-winning writer and this reviewRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesto be a very coherent unit. The beginnings and ends of what we choose to call centuries are almost invariably years of little significance. But there is little agreement over when the twentieth century c.e. arrived, and there were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun

A Comparison of Research Methods Free Essays

Sociology is the study of human relationships and institutions (UNC, 2013). In order to enrich our understanding of key social processes, sociologists carefully gather and analyze evidence about social life. Most sociological research involves â€Å"field work† that has been designed to most closely represent the characteristics of a population (UNC, 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on A Comparison of Research Methods or any similar topic only for you Order Now This process involves the utilization of a wide variety of research methods. Some of these methods include conducting surveys of large groups, observing people in social settings, deciphering historical data and analyzing videotaped interactions. For purposes of this paper, we are going to take a more in-depth look at two research methods used in sociology. The first research method we will look at is correlation research. A correlation is a relationship between two variables (Cliffsnotes, 2013). They can be behaviors, events, characteristics or attitudes. Correlation research attempts to determine if a relationship exists between two variables and exactly what the degree of that relationship is. A sociologist can use any number of other research methods to determine if a correlation exists. Correlations are either positive (to +1.  0), negative (to -1. 0) or nonexistent (0. 0) (Cliffsnotes, 2013). A positive correlation is one in which the variables either increase or decrease together. A negative correlation on the other hand is one in which the variables go in different directions. If one increases, the other one decreases. If a correlation is nonexistent, no relationship exists between the variables. Correlation data does not indicate a cause and effect relationship (Cliffsnotes, 2013). In other words, one variable does not cause the other; it only indicates that both variables are somehow related to one another. Changes in the value of one variable will reflect changes in the value of the other. The second research method we will analyze is survey research. Survey research usually involves interviewing or administering questionnaires to a large number of people. This can be accomplished in person, by mail or over the telephone. Sociologists are able to customize the questions within the survey to make them pertinent to the study at hand. Once all data has been collected, the sociologist will analyze it to pinpoint similarities, differences and trends. They will then make predictions about the population being studied. One advantage to this type of research is that it allows sociologists to collect data from a large group in a relatively short period. This type of research method is also relatively inexpensive. If conducted by mail, the surveys allow the respondents the convenience of completing them on their own time. The mail surveys are also anonymous, which may provide for responses that are more truthful. Some disadvantages to this type of research method are that the responses may not always be reliable, it can be time consuming to decipher the results, and not all respondents will reply. A1. Philosophical Justifications for Sociological Methods The survey method is one of the best methods of research for gathering large amounts of information quickly and affordably (Jones, 2013). This method allows for a broader scope of study with greater efficiency (Pearson, 2013). Subjects may remain anonymous, which in turn can produce more truthful responses to questions (Jones, 2013). Due to the fact that the sociologist may not be present during some of the surveys, this method helps to eliminate bias in the interpretation of the results (Jones, 2013). This method of research is seen as highly reliable in that the data collected can be easily coded and analyzed (Pearson, 2013). Survey methods are a valuable adjunct to other research methods. They play an important role in confirming more qualitative research. The survey method can help to identify areas that need further research and reveal broad patterns that exist that could otherwise be overlooked by researchers relying solely on qualitative methods (Pearson, 2013). B. Anthropological Research Methods Anthropology comes from the Greek, it literally means â€Å"the study of the human† (Malinowski, 2013). Cultural anthropology is the study of human cultures, their practices, beliefs and values. Anthropologists accomplish these studies through various methods of research. These methods include (but are not limited to) participant observation, cross-cultural comparison, survey research, interviews and historical analysis. In this paper, we are going to take a closer look at two different forms of research used within the field of cultural anthropology. The first method of anthropological research that we will look at is participant observation. Participant observation is an immersion method of research where the researchers immerse themselves into the culture that they are studying. They will live within this society for the duration of the study (Jones, 2013). By doing this, the researcher is able to get first-hand experience through observation and participation in ceremonies, rituals, storytelling, language and meals within these cultures (Jones, 2013). They record their findings through voice recordings, photos, videos and journals. The success of participant observation is reliant upon the particular culture’s acceptance of the investigator into their society (Jones, 2013). The second method of research that we will discuss is cross culture comparison. This method searches for comparable culture patterns amongst multiple societies. Testable hypotheses are utilized to try to establish statistical correlations amongst cultures (Gillies and Kinzer, 2009). This methodology was greatly facilitated via the work of George Peter Murdock. Murdock was an American anthropologist known for his comparative studies. He developed the Human Relations Area Files (HRAF), which is an index that contains many of the world’s known societies (Gillies and Kinzer, 2009). There are two goals within this research method: 1) to describe the distribution and range of cultural variation that exists between the ethnographies recorded, and 2) to test the theories and hypotheses that have been proposed in order to explain the variations amongst cultures (Gillies and Kinzer, 2009). B1. Philosophical Justifications for Anthropological Methods Participant observation allows the researcher to gain an inside look at the inner workings of a culture. By immersing oneself into a culture for an extended period of time, the researcher will gain more knowledge of the society (Jones, 2013). This technique will also produce a greater sense of trust from the members of the culture. This can in turn, provide for information that is more accurate and provide for a more comprehensive ethnography (Jones, 2013). Ethnographies allow people to gain an understanding of a particular culture and the appropriate ways to interact with that culture (Jones, 2013). They also can serve as a historical record of cultures that may be endangered or extinct. Some individuals may see the participant observation method as an invasion of privacy. Researchers however, go to great lengths to ensure that the utmost respect is given to all members of these cultures. Permission from the cultural leaders is always sought out prior to initiation of this type of research (Jones, 2013). C. Compare and Contrast Approaches Sociology is the study of the development, structure, interaction and behavior of organized groups of human beings (Diffen, 2012). Anthropology is the study of human beings and their ancestors through time in terms of physical characteristics, culture, environment and social relations (Diffen, 2012). Sociologists study societies, while anthropologists study cultures. Both of these areas of study use secondary analysis as a research method. They each can utilize the same types of material and information. They even use some of the same methods of gathering this information. The difference between them is in how the information is utilized and reported. Traditionally, sociology studies modern, civilized and complex societies (Bhatt, 2012). Anthropology on the other hand, traditionally studies simple, more primitive, non-literate societies (Bhatt, 2013). Sociology studies both large and small societies while anthropology tends to focus more on smaller societies. When it comes to research styles, anthropology stresses immersion in native life while sociology tends to stress distance from the object of study (Dilipchandra, 2012). Sociology treats data quantitatively while anthropology treats data qualitatively. Sociology emphasized that human behavior can be measured and that that measurement is reliable (Dilipchandra, 2012). Anthropology touts that a large part of human behavior is beyond the realm of measurement (Dilipchandra, 2012). Due to changes in our world, sociology and anthropology are converging (McGraw-Hill, 2013). Sociologists can now be found doing research in developing countries and due to industrialization, anthropologists can be found doing research in industrialized societies (McGraw-Hill, 2013). How to cite A Comparison of Research Methods, Essays

Communication Channels free essay sample

Communication Channels HealthCare Communication Strategies HCS 320/AGHC1008B Adrian S. Arnold, MSM, BSN, RN University of Phoenix, Augusta Campus Team B: Sonya Chishom, Christine LaFauci, Shanta Searles and Natissa Whitehead February 25, 2009 Introduction Communication levels can be similar yet different in hospital settings versus specialty clinic office settings. In both organizations the standard communication channels that are used includes faxing, emails, referrals, telecommunication, and face to face consultation to name some. The business of health care today is a delicate performance of balancing affairs, patients are seeking lower cost and effective communication and the organizations are seeking newer communication technology to maximize the quality of care that are given to the patients and organization. Communication Channels Similarities In the occupation where this writer works we are a large scale hospital, East Central Regional Hospital (ECRH) communication is a vital entity in how we operate daily. The way language is communicated could be a life or death situation because with deal with human beings lively hood. We will write a custom essay sample on Communication Channels or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Telecommunications in the hospital settings are used to communicate between workers to ensure the correct medical terminology and findings are interpreted properly. In specialty clinic telecommunication are used for the same process. Faxing at ECRH are for receiving and transmitting vital medical or policy driven information that are needed to update individuals that are effected by the changes. Team members that work in specialty clinic stated that faxing is where the clinic received and send medical information about patients to other clinic or get the information themselves to proceed with procedures that needs to be performed. Another source of communication channels that ECRH and specialty clinics have are intra and internet. The intranet in both organizations are use to communicate inter-departmental. The internets are used in both organizations to response to outside agencies dealing with returning messages, or obtaining pertinent information that are required. Finally we have face to face consultation are used to related information through meetings that needs to reach a large group of individuals or individuals to ensure information are relayed accurately. Communication Channels Differences How communication levels difference from a large scale hospital versus specialty clinics are in the smaller settings will be on a more personal level with constant and instant communication daily. Whereas a large scale hospital setting you make not have the personal level of communication because the amount of patient care that is required. Large scales hospital gives the quality of care that is require, but you can not spend as much time as a smaller setting clinics can. At ECRH even though email, faxes, telecommunication, and intra and internets are used a longer wait time for response are frequently. Whereas clinics the individual received information back instant or within a couple of days. Depending on what information are needed within the hospital from outside agencies you tends to deal with delays and inconsistencies with information that are acquired. Conclusion Communications within the workplaces are on brink of new era, filled with exciting changes (www. toshibabusiness. com). One era of changes that can make hospital setting and clinics run smoother are the new Tablet PC’s. As health care delivery evolve, it is critically important that technology evolve also (www. toshibabusiness. com). Some benefits of the Tablet PC’s have are single data entries with having a transcript. Patients can be served faster and reduces errors hopefully will save money. Privacy, patient information will be read and written with secure data. Finally clear display of information promotes meaningful medical dialogue and helps patients better understand the condition. Individuals in workplaces can improve communication skills by taking classes and updating themselves on the latest procedures that are going on within the workplace. References Coiera, Enrico, Tombs, Vanessa, and Gosbee. Communication behaviours in a hospital setting: An observational study. February 28, 1998. BMJ 316: pgs 673-676. Retrieved February 20, 2009 Proquest http://wwwbmj. com/cgi/content/abstract/316/7132/673 Tablet PC: Making and Impact in Hospitals and Doctors’ Offices. (2006) Toshiba America Information Systems, Inc. Retrieved February 20, 2009. www. toshibabbusiness. com