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Compare and Contrast Marxist and Weberian Theories of...

Q: Compare and Contrast Marxist and Weberian Theories of Stratification. The purpose of this essay is to compare, contrast and critically evaluate Marxist and Weberian theories of stratification. To do this effectively this essay must explain and consider the main features, claims and perspectives of both Karl Marx and Max Weber. O’Donnell (1992) defines social stratification as â€Å"the division of a society or group into hierarchically ordered layers. Members of each layer are considered broadly equal but there is inequality between the layers.† Functionalist Durkheim (1858-1917) argued that the reason for the existence of stratification was because it was functional or beneficial to the order of society. According to Browne et al (2009),†¦show more content†¦According to Haralambos et al (2004), Marx’s theory began with the view that it was crucial for humans to produce food and materials in order to survive, and to do so it was necessary to enter into relationships with other people. Fulcher et al (2007) suggested that Marx saw societies as social systems that were divided up into two specific parts, these were suggested by Marx to be the base and the superstructure. The base provided the mode of production and the superstructure provided stability through certain social institutions such as the legal and political systems. Marx also argued that the material conditions created contributed to the shape of society, he referred to such conditions as ideologies. According to O’Donnell (1992) Marx suggested that such societies could have only ensured material survival through the exploitation of the propertyless and by using sophisticated means of organised product ion. Therefore people first must be able to eat and maintain adequate clothing and shelter before they engaged in influential sociological activities such as politics and literature. Individuals were not able to access essential elements such as shelter unless they were able to engage in paid employment through a particular mode ofShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Marxist and Weberian Theories of Social Class. Why Do You Think Marx Emphasises Relations of Production in the Formation of Classes Whilst Weber Suggests the Market and Consumption Are the Important Factors?1750 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast the Marxist and Weberian theories of social class. Why do you think Marx emphasises relations of production in the formation of classes whilst Weber suggests the market and consumption are the important factors? All human societies have been class based in some way, shape or form and, interpreting this in the most basic way, it can be said that in every known human society there has been a fundamental division between two broad social groups, the buorgeoisie that own and controlRead MoreSocial Stratification According to Marx and Weber1163 Words   |  5 PagesSocial stratification is the hierarchical arrangement of individuals into divisions of power and wealth within a society. Social stratification relates to the socio-economic concept of class, consisting of the upper class, middle class, and lower class. Each class may be further subdivided into smaller classes through the main indicator is occupation. This is the most practical and most effective means of encompassing the wide variety of economic and social elements that go to make up a person’sRead MoreThe Upperclass4643 Words   |  19 Pagesacquire by any means other than being born into it. Overclass is a recent and pejorative term for the most powerful group in a social hierarchy. Users of the term generally imply excessive and unjust privilege and exploitation of the rest of society. Compare the older term, upper class, which nowadays is sometimes also pejorative, but is not necessarily so, and historically was rarely so. Perhaps the most commonly agreed-upon overclass consists of the legal leaders of a culture, i.e., those who exercise

Managing Culture and Change Volkswagen Group

Question: Describe about the Managing Culture and Change for Volkswagen Group. Answer: In the sequence of the globalisation, the countries, companies and the business worlds are trying to make more interaction in a lively way. For making a high interactive networking channel a successful organisational and cultural change has to be incorporated throughout the various business practices. In this present context, to execute the current study, the leading automobile company, Volkswagen has been taken care off. It has been speculated that the organisational culture and its environmental context are the prime objectives that offer several opportunities, resources and constraints for the managing the organisational culture and the change initiatives (Eapen and Annamalai, 2014). In this present scenario, the several scholars stated that the automobile company, Volkswagen is currently experiencing a significant change in the organisational environment and the internal structure. Volkswagen is suffering from a major regulatory change after the revelation of the emission scandal to mitigate the significance (Hanifah and Mohamed, 2011). The diesel emission change has created much distress for the Volkswagen group. In this particular report, a model such as XYZ Model has helped to recognise the effectiveness of the adopted actions. The report identifies that a massive crisis has appeared for the Volkswagen for the illegitimacy and defilement of environmental rules. The study has exposed that the inadequacy and the professional incompetence of the employees that needs for an immediate change of the employees to improve the competency level in the automobile market. Hence, the importance of the change management is required for Volkswagen to survive in the market for retaining the brand position and improving the customer loyalty index. On the contrary, at the initial stage, the change management process was incorporated only on the employees. However, the management change has also been made over a particular time span. It has been identified that the major change process occurred due to the external factors like the diesel emission scandal. Thus, it is a crucial time for the Volkswagen to restructure the business activities. In the words of Venables (2007), the loss of consumer goodwill has affected the brand sustainability, which can be resolved by adopting a restructured business model. On the other hand, to mitigate the scandal the brand has invested a lot in enhancing the goodwill and the trade revenue of the brand as well. In this regards, Simn-Moya and Revuelto-Taboada, (2016) stated that the business strategy of the Volkswagen was to meet the organisational goals and objectives by increasing the production of the vehicles. Thus, the lack of strategic thinking and value creation approach had affected the operational activity of the brand. Therefore a strategic rethinking is necessary to enhance the sustainability factor of the brand. The overall sustainability indicates that the employee skills and the corporate value added services need to be changed immediately to improve the efficacy of the brand. On the other hand, the firm has focused on hiring a diversified workforce to meet the global challenges, which can be considered as a potential approach to resolving the sustainability issues. The greater focus on the environmental sustainability program such as Think Blue Nature can also be a possible agenda for meeting long-term goals and objectives of the firm. All in all more strategic intervention would be required to enhance the overall brand sustainability in the global market. References: Eapen, M. and Annamalai, S. (2014) A study on job satisfaction among employees in an automobile sales and service company, Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 7(1), pp. 15-16. Hanifah, M.Z.M. and Mohamed, Z.A. (2011) Value configuration through value chain for competitive advantage, Global Business Advancement, 4(4), pp. 368-370 Simn-Moya, V. and Revuelto-Taboada, L. (2016a) Revising the predictive capability of business plan quality for new firm survival using qualitative comparative analysis, Journal of Business Research, 69(4), pp. 13511356. Venables, M. (2007) On a roll [automobile industry], Manufacturing Engineer, 86(2), pp. 1819